The Deepest Divide: Would 11 Confederate States Secede Without Missouri and Kentucky?

Introduction

The concept of secession remains a contentious subject, especially when considering historical precedents. The Confederate States of America's (CSA) secession battle is one of the most notorious examples in American history. If the scenario played out with the 11 states of the original CSA allowed to secede but Missouri and Kentucky were barred from joining, would these states still proceed with such a drastic step? The answer likely lies beyond football stadiums and into the broader cultural, political, and economic implications.

The Historical Context

The 11 Confederate states that formed the CSA seceded between December 1860 and June 1861. They did so primarily due to factors such as states' rights, slavery, and the election of Abraham Lincoln. These states faced the regional complexities of forming a new nation, relying heavily on agriculture, and the institution of slavery. The addition of Missouri and Kentucky with their different economic and social structures would have significantly altered the dynamics and potential success of the CSA.

Modern Political and Economic Implications

Today, if the 11 states were to secede, it would be a monumental challenge considering modern political and economic landscapes. These states, now referred to as 'Deep South' states, have evolved significantly over the past 150 years. While football has paramount significance in the lives of many Southerners, the idea that it could define whether or not the states secede seems overly simplistic.

The Role of Economic Factors

Economic ties with the rest of the United States are deeply entrenched. Many of these states have significant industries and businesses that are interwoven with the broader U.S. economy. The Southeastern Conference (SEC), a major college football conference, looks like a trivial aspect compared to these economic realities. The SEC, however, does highlight the deep regional identity and pride within these states. The mention of football is often a point of cultural pride, but it is not the primary driver for complex political decisions regarding secession.

The Cultural Divide

Culture and identity also play significant roles, particularly in Southern culture. The Deep South has a distinct cultural identity that revolves around history, language, and customs that set it apart from other regions. While the states might feel a sense of pride, this does not necessarily translate to a desire for secession. Other states like Missouri and Kentucky have their unique contributions to American culture and politics. They might retain their regional characteristics but are part of a larger, unified nation that might offer more benefits, such as federal funding, infrastructure, and protection.

The Legal and Constitutional Perspective

From a legal and constitutional standpoint, the possibility of the 11 states seceding would be highly complicated due to the Bernstein Test. This refers to the criteria outlined in the 1869 Supreme Court case Texas v. White, which holds that states cannot unilaterally secede from the Union without the consent of the federal government and the other states. The legal framework of the United States does not recognize secession as a constitutional right. Moreover, the Confederate states' secession was deemed illegal and unconstitutional.

Conclusion

Given the complexities involving economic interdependence, cultural identity, and constitutional legality, the 11 Confederate states would likely not proceed with secession, even if Missouri and Kentucky were excluded. Football stadiums and regional pride are important cultural elements, but they do not shape the fundamental political decisions that revolve around the legality, logistics, and economic feasibility of secession. If any of these states were to attempt such a move today, it would not just be political suicide; it would be an economic and social disaster.

FAQ

What are the potential economic implications of the 11 states seceding without Missouri and Kentucky?

The potential economic implications of the 11 states seceding without Missouri and Kentucky would be severe. These states would lose significant federal funding, infrastructure support, and access to national markets. The agricultural and manufacturing industries in these states are intertwined with the broader U.S. economy, and severing these ties would likely lead to economic contraction and social instability.

How could the cultural identity of the Deep South be maintained without the 11 states forming a new nation?

The cultural identity of the Deep South can be maintained within the United States through regional pride, events, and cultural heritage centers. Even without forming a new nation, the cultural traits such as Southern cuisine, music, and language can continue to thrive. These states would remain part of a larger culture that values regional diversity and distinct identities.

Could Missouri and Kentucky play a role in preventing the 11 states from seceding?

Missouri and Kentucky's possible inclusion as part of the 11 states could have significantly different outcomes. While they might not share the same historical grievances, their inclusion could provide additional economic ties and political support. Preventing secession would likely involve both regional pride and a recognition of the practical benefits of remaining in the United States.