Less Known Interesting Facts About Portugal

Portugal is not just a country with beautiful beaches and delicious cuisine, but it also has several fascinating lesser-known facts that many people might be unaware of. This article explores some of these intriguing tidbits about Portugal, making it a well-rounded read for anyone interested in the country's history and culture.

The Emergency Call and Cultural Quirks

In Portugal, when you dial 112, the emergency number, you might witness a unique quirk. If you're asking for an ambulance in a non-emergency situation, the operator might hang up on you if you are not fluent in Portuguese. This highlights not just the linguistic importance of the language but also the cultural emphasis on efficient service.

A Rich Jewish Heritage

Before the Portuguese Inquisition, Portugal had a significant Jewish community. Some hidden Jews, known as Marranos, and open Jews still exist in Portugal today. This heritage not only enriches the cultural tapestry of the country but also paints a vivid picture of the historical struggles and perseverance of people.

The Oldest European Capital

Believe it or not, Lisbon is older than Rome, being around four centuries older. This makes it the second-oldest European capital after Athens. Many historians speculate that the Phoenicians, a seafaring civilization, first settled in Lisbon around 1200 BC, taking advantage of the excellent transport possibilities offered by the River Tagus.

A Monarch's Unconventional Coronation

Portugal's history is replete with unconventional events, and one such fascinating fact is linked to Pedro I. When he was crowned King of Portugal in 1357, he proclaimed his lover Ines de Castro Queen, even though she had died in 1355. This romantic and dramatic decision solidifies the human element of historical records.

Notable Surf Spots

Portugal is renowned for its world-class surfing conditions. In October 2011, renowned surfer Garrett McNamara caught the world's largest wave—30 meters or 90 feet—at Praia do Norte, near the town of Nazaré in central Portugal. This event underscores Portugal's standing as a premier surfing destination.

Surprising Population Facts

While Paris hosts the largest Portuguese population in Europe, approximately 700000 people, it's not the only city with a significant Portuguese presence. About 12% of Luxembourg's population is Portuguese, showcasing the global diaspora and the impact of Portuguese immigration.

Oldest Alliance in the World

The Anglo-Portuguese Alliance, signed in 1373, is the oldest alliance still in force. This pact has seen both countries support each other in times of war, including the United Kingdom entering the Peninsular War and Portugal participating in World War I. This alliance reflects a lasting and strong bond between these two nations.

A Slavery Pioneer

Portugal was the first country to abolish slavery in 1761, half a century before other European nations such as Britain, France, Spain, and the United States. This forward-thinking policy also made Portugal the first European country to establish a Slave Market in Lagos, Algarve. Understanding Portugal's historical stance on human rights sheds light on its values and policies.

The Most Spoken Portuguese

Like many Romance languages, Portuguese is the eighth most spoken language in the world. With approximately 200 million native speakers and 240 million total speakers, it ranks alongside languages like Mandarin, English, Spanish, Hindi, Arabic, Russian, and Bengali. This underscores the global significance of Portuguese.

A Leader in Renewable Energy

Portugal's contribution to renewable energy is commendable. The country is home to the world's largest solar energy plant in Alentejo and the world's first wave energy plant, which began producing energy in October 2006. This pioneering approach in sustainable energy solutions positions Portugal as a leader in the green energy revolution.

Introduction of Tea to Britain

Portugal introduced the habit of drinking tea to Britain. Portuguese Catherine of Braganza, who married King Charles II, brought the tea ceremony to the British court. Portuguese navigators also introduced Japanese tempura to the world, a dish that has been embraced around the globe.

The World's Largest Fish Consumers

Portugal's citizens consume more fish than almost anyone else in the world, often depicted as the third country by fish consumption. The Azoreans consume nearly 76 kg of fish annually, significantly more than the world average of 16 kg. This paints a vivid picture of Portugal's cultural attachment to seafood.

A Devout, Yet Secular, Nation

Although 84% of the Portuguese population is Catholic, the country does not have an official religion, reflecting a blend of tradition and modernity. This secular approach is evident in historical events and present-day practices, making Portugal a unique case study in religious diversity.

A Tsunami in 1755

The 1755 Lisbon earthquake is one of the most catastrophic in recorded history. This devastating event, which occurred on Nov 1st, 1755 (All Saints' Day), killed about 275000 residents and destroyed 85% of Lisbon's buildings, including famous palaces and churches. This seismic disaster marked a turning point in the history of Lisbon and the world, leading to the birth of seismology.

The Portuguese Empire's Rise and Fall

Portugal's colonial power peaked in the 15th and 16th centuries but faced significant setbacks. Its wealth and status were compromised after Lisbon was destroyed in the 1755 earthquake, its occupation during the Napoleonic Wars, and the independence of its wealthiest colony, Brazil, in 1822. Despite these challenges, Portugal continues to hold a unique place in the annals of history.

A Massive Casino and the Birth of Port Wine

The Portuguese influence is also apparent in luxury and commerce. For instance, Casino do Estoril in Lisbon is the largest casino in Europe. Additionally, the port wine in the UK is famous and has a long history tied to the Methuen Treaty of 1703. This wine's development and popularity highlight the influence of Portuguese navigation and trade.

Conclusion

These interesting facts about Portugal reveal a diverse tapestry of history, culture, and achievements. From cultural quirks to global impacts, each fact offers a different lens through which to view this ancient yet vibrant nation. Understanding these aspects of Portugal can provide valuable insights into its past, present, and future.